South Sudan is witnessing a surge in civilian casualties as clashes between the national army and local militias intensify, particularly in the Upper Nile and Jonglei states. The violence has led to devastating airstrikes and casualties, including a significant attack on May 3 in Fangak, where a hospital supported by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) was bombed, resulting in at least seven deaths and numerous injuries.
Wiyuach Makuach, a 60-year-old woman, recounted the harrowing experience of losing her arm during the Fangak bombing while visiting her son at the hospital. “Everything was on fire,” she said, describing the chaos and her desperate attempt to extinguish the flames by covering herself in mud.
The conflict reignited in March when the White Army militia overran a military base in Nasir, prompting the government to detain Vice President Riek Machar and enlist Ugandan forces for a counteroffensive. This response allegedly involved incendiary weapons, leading to at least 58 civilian deaths, including children.
Medical facilities are overwhelmed, with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) establishing emergency surgical services in Akobo. However, challenging transport conditions have resulted in preventable deaths, as critically wounded patients struggle to reach medical care. Dr. Bjarte Andersen of the ICRC noted that some patients have died waiting for transportation, highlighting the dire situation.
The United Nations has condemned the deliberate targeting of civilians and humanitarian facilities, labeling the attacks as potential war crimes. International bodies, including the African Union and various countries, have called for an immediate ceasefire and accountability for those responsible.
As the violence escalates in the region and cause uncertainty, the humanitarian crisis deepens, with displaced populations facing food insecurity and limited access to essential services. The international community continues to urge all parties to prioritize the protection of civilians and seek a peaceful resolution to the conflict.
