An eight-month-old child in Bengaluru is suspected of contracting Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV). The case was identified at a private hospital, which has reported the suspected infection to health authorities. However, the state health department has not independently verified the results but acknowledged the reliability of the hospital’s testing. “We trust the accuracy of their procedures,” a health department official stated, as reported by India Today.
Earlier, the Karnataka Health Department announced that no HMPV cases had been recorded in the state. The discovery of this suspected case has raised concerns, though health officials stress that it remains unconfirmed pending further lab results.
What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that typically causes mild to moderate flu-like symptoms. It is most common during winter and early spring and spreads through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. Symptoms usually include cough, fever, sore throat, and nasal congestion, though it can sometimes cause wheezing or shortness of breath. Vulnerable groups, such as young children, the elderly, or those with weakened immune systems, may develop severe respiratory conditions like pneumonia or bronchiolitis.
Although HMPV shares similarities with other respiratory viruses like RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), measles, and mumps, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment available. Most cases resolve with rest and hydration, but severe cases may require hospitalization and supportive care, such as oxygen therapy.
Recognized by the American Lung Association as a significant cause of acute respiratory infections, particularly in children, HMPV was first discovered in 2001 by Dutch researchers. It has since been identified as a key cause of respiratory illnesses during winter and spring.
HMPV Symptoms
Typical symptoms of HMPV infection include:
- Cough
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Fever
In some cases, the infection can lead to more severe symptoms, such as:
- Wheezing
- Difficulty breathing
- Hoarseness
- Pneumonia
- Exacerbation of asthma
Who is at Risk?
HMPV can affect anyone, but it poses the greatest risk to young children, the elderly, and individuals with compromised immune systems. Children under five are particularly susceptible, with 5-16% of cases potentially developing into lower respiratory tract infections like pneumonia. Elderly individuals and those with pre-existing health conditions may also experience more severe symptoms.
Health experts advise that while there is no immediate need for alarm, high-risk individuals should take precautions, especially during the peak winter and spring months, to minimize exposure to the virus.
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